要想说好英语,应该学一点语音知识。下面是笔者总结的有关语音方面的一些基本知识,供你参考。
1、关于语音的几个概念
1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母a,e,i(y),o,u。
2) 音标:词的语音形式。
3) 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。
4) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap‘ple,stu‘dent,tea‘cher,un‘der‘stand。
5) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。
6) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。
7) 开音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) 辅音+元音 he,go,hi。
8) 闭音节:a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup; b)元音+辅音it。
9) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
2、元音:(注意:下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)
1) [i:] sea,he,see,piece,ceiling
2) [i] sit,build,miss,myth
3) [e] bed,desk,head
4) [ ] bad,land,bank,stamp
5) [a:] car,fast,class,plant,calm,aunt
6) [ ] hot,want
7) [ ] door,more,sport,ball,warm,author,court,bought,caught
8) [u:] good,who,blue,soup
9) [u] look,put,women,could
10) [ ] cup,come,blood,rough
11) [ ] girl,work,serve,nurse
12) [ ] cadre,ago,forget,polite,dollar,doctor,famous,Saturday
13) [ei] cake,they,play,eight,great
14) [ai] bike,die,neither,light,try,find,height,eye
15) [ ] phone,cold,boat,soul,grow
16) [au] house,town
17) [ ] boy,oil
18) [ ] dear,idea,deer,here,fierce
19) [ ] pear,care,there,fair
20) [ ] tour,poor
3、容易混淆的元音
1) [e] [] bed bad; men,man; pen,pan; lend land
2) [i:] [ei] real rail; greet,great; mean,main; read raid
3) [e] [AI] bet bite; red write; said side,head,hide
4) [au] [ ] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause
5) [au] [ ] found fond; gown gone; down don
4、辅音
1) [p] pen
2) [b] bed,comb
3) [t] tell
4) [d],day,played,wanted
5) [k] cold,sky,quick,school,back,accept,box
6) [g] big,go,guess,language
7) [m] man
8) [n] nine,knife,autumn
9) [ ] bank,uncle,English,sing
10) [l] land,world
11) [r] read,write
12) [f] five,cough,laugh
13) [v] voice,of
14) [ ] think
15) [ ] this,bathe
16) [s] sit,miss,science,case,scarf
17) [z] zoo,close
18) [ ] sure,she,social,nation
19) [ ] pleasure
20) [h] hot,who,hour
21) [w] wall,what,answer
22) [j] yes
23) [ ] child,teach,catch
24) [ ] joke,bridge
25) [ts] boats
26) [dz] goods
27) [tr] tree
28) [dr] dream
5、容易混淆的辅音
1) [v] [w] vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well
2) [s] [ ] sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math
3) [z] [ ] closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes
4) [n] [ ] thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang
6、读音规则
1) 重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句)。
2) 非重读音节 [ ] banana,student,today,after,[i] orange,secret,evening,very,Monday。